What MonadBFT Means for Developers and Users (pt.2)

MonadBFT builds on HotStuff-style consensus but introduces strong guarantees and high performance by resolving the long-standing “tail-forking” problem. This issue caused valid blocks to be dropped despite majority support, which impacts validator rewards and potentially stalling the network.

Key Ideas

Tail-Forking Resistance: By requiring leaders to repropose previously approved blocks or show cryptographic proof (NEC) of rejection, MonadBFT ensures no honest block gets left behind.
Speculative Finality: Blocks with quorum certificates (QC) are considered final enough after just one round—enabling near-instant transaction confirmations.
Optimistic Responsiveness: Instead of waiting fixed timeouts, view changes and consensus advancement occur immediately when quorum thresholds are met—matching the network’s speed.
Linear Messaging: Maintains HotStuff’s efficient leader-validator communication path with scalable aggregated signatures.